Mission

Project Name: Fill in the Blanks Below

- This mission is an indivisual project

- Write the code for the problem below and see if it works.

- Fill in the '□' blanks below.

1. Test 1: Hello World!

   • Let’s print the sentence “Hello World!”

   • Complete the code so that you can print the sentence “Hello World!” to the terminal.

   # Print a Sentence "Hello World!"
   
   def hello_world():
       # Print "Hello World!"
       □
   
   # Run the function
   hello_world()
   

2. Test 2: Guess the Number

   • Guess the number the computer came up with!

   • This code is an up-down game where the computer finds a randomly assigned number.

   • Complete the code that satisfies the up and down conditions of the number thought by the computer.

   import random
   
   def guess_the_number():
       # Generate a random target number between 1 and 100
       target_number = random.randint(1, 100)
       attempts = 0
   
       while True:
           # Get the user's guess
           user_guess = int(input("Guess the number between 1 and 100: "))
           attempts += 1
   
           # Compare user's guess with the target number
           if □:
               print("Too low! Try again.")
           elif □:
               print("Too high! Try again.")
           else:
               # User guessed the correct number
               print(f"Congratulations! You guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")
               break
   
   # Run the function to start the guessing game
   guess_the_number()
   

3. Test 3: Guess the Digits

   • Let’s complete the code to find the digits of a number!

   • ex) 4 -> 1 digit, 100 -> 3 digits, 7777 -> 4 digits

   • Complete the method for adding 1 to the digit condition.

   def count_digits(number):
       if number == 0:
           return 1  # Special case for the number 0 (which has 1 digit)
   
       count = 0  # Initialize a count to track the number of digits
   
       # Loop to count digits by repeatedly dividing the number by 10
       while number > 0:
           count += 1         # Increment the digit count
           number □ 10      # Remove the least significant digit by integer division
   
       return count  # Return the total count of digits
   
   # Get input from the user
   input_str = input("Enter a positive integer: ")
   
   # Check if the input is a positive integer
   if input_str.isdigit():
       input_number = int(input_str)
   
       # Check for non-positive input
       if input_number <= 0:
           print("Please enter a positive integer.")
       else:
           # Calculate the number of digits using the count_digits function
           num_digits = count_digits(input_number)
           print(f"The number {input_number} has {num_digits} digits.")
   else:
       print("Invalid input. Please enter a positive integer.")
   

4. Test 4: Calculate Factorial

   • factorial: Simply represented as n!, it means multiplying all natural numbers from 1 to n. ex) 3! = 1*2*3.

   • This code takes numeric input from the user and calculates the factorial.

   • Complete the return value that completes the factorial.

   def factorial(n):
       # Base case: Factorial of 0 and 1 is 1
       if n == 0 or n == 1:
           return □
       else:
           # Recursive case: Factorial of n is n times factorial of (n - 1)
           return □
   
   # Get input from the user
   num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
   
   # Call the factorial function to calculate the factorial of the input number
   result = factorial(num)
   
   # Print the result
   print(f"The factorial of {num} is {result}")
   

5. Test 5: Rock, Paper, Scissors Game

   • Let’s play rock-paper-scissors with the computer.

   • Complete the conditions that fit the rock-paper-scissors situation.

   # Rock, Paper, Scissors battle
   
   import random
   
   # Function to determine the winner of the game
   def determine_winner(player_choice, computer_choice):
       if player_choice == computer_choice:
           return "It's a tie!"
       elif (□) or \
           (□) or \
           (□):
           return "You win!"
       else:
           return "Computer wins!"
   
   def main():
       # Print the welcome message and game instructions
       print("Welcome to Rock-Paper-Scissors!")
       print("Enter 'r' for rock, 'p' for paper, 's' for scissors, or 'q' to quit.")
   
       choices = ["r", "p", "s"]  # Possible choices for the game
   
       while True:
           player_choice = input("Your choice: ").lower()
   
           # Check if the player wants to quit
           if player_choice == "q":
               print("Thanks for playing!")
               break
   
           # Check if the player's choice is valid
           if player_choice in choices:
               computer_choice = random.choice(choices)  # Randomly select computer's choice
   
               print(f"You chose: {player_choice}")
               print(f"Computer chose: {computer_choice}")
   
               result = determine_winner(player_choice, computer_choice)  # Determine the winner
               print(result)  # Display the result of the game
           else:
               print("Invalid choice. Please enter 'r', 'p', 's', or 'q' to quit.")
   
   if __name__ == "__main__":
       main()  # Run the main game loop